So why do we need digital transformation anyway? Digital transformation initiatives are meant to strip away layers of redundancy and complexity in organiza- tions. These layers did not emerge suddenly. They were created bit by bit and year by year. They did not materi- alize on their own when no one was looking; they are the result of individual management decisions — well- intended management decisions aimed at getting the job done and meeting objectives.

Leaders who implement digital transformation through a top-down approach, consultant-led approach, or IT- led approach often ignore the conditions that prompted the need for digital transformation in the first place. They decide how to solve the problem without consid- ering the organizational dynamics, behavioral habits, and culture that created the problem. In a rush to make a significant change, leaders decide to postpone dealing with human issues until after critical decisions are made and the transformation is underway. This approach spells failure.